“Serial TTY device tree configuration”的版本间的差异

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{{DISPLAYTITLE:串行TTY设备树配置}}
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==Article Purpose==
  
[[Category:Linux_Operating_System]]
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This article explains how to configure the [[USART internal peripheral|USART]] when it is assigned to the Linux<sup>&reg;</sup> OS. In that case, it is controlled by the [[Serial TTY overview|Serial and TTY]] frameworks.
[[Category:Low_speed_interface]]
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[[Category:Serial_TTY]]
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The configuration is performed using the [[Device tree|device tree]] mechanism that provides a hardware description of the USART peripheral, used by the stm32-usart Linux driver.
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If the peripheral is assigned to another execution context, refer to [[How to assign an internal peripheral to a runtime context]] article for guidelines on peripheral assignment and configuration.
 +
 
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==DT bindings documentation==
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The USART is a multifunction device.
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Each function is represented by a separate binding document:
 +
 
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*Generic UART bindings<ref>{{CodeSource | Linux kernel | Documentation/devicetree/bindings/serial/serial.txt | Documentation/devicetree/bindings/serial/serial.txt}}, UART generic device tree bindings</ref> used by UART framework.
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*STM32 USART driver bindings<ref>{{CodeSource | Linux kernel | Documentation/devicetree/bindings/serial/st,stm32-usart.txt | Documentation/devicetree/bindings/serial/st,stm32-usart.txt}}, STM32 USART device tree bindings</ref> used by stm32-usart driver. This bindings documentation explains how to write device tree files for STM32 USARTs.
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==DT configuration==
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This hardware description is a combination of the '''STM32 microprocessor''' device tree files (''.dtsi'' extension) and '''board''' device tree files (''.dts'' extension). See the [[Device tree]] for an explanation of the device tree file split.
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'''STM32CubeMX''' can be used to generate the board device tree. Refer to [[#How_to_configure_the_DT_using_STM32CubeMX|How to configure the DT using STM32CubeMX]] for more details.
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===DT configuration (STM32 level)===
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All STM32 USART nodes (excepted USART1, secure instance under [[ETZPC_internal_peripheral|ETZPC]] control) are described in microprocessor device tree (ex: stm32mp157c.dtsi <ref>{{CodeSource | Linux kernel | arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp157c.dtsi | arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp157c.dtsi}}, STM32MP157C device tree file</ref>) with default parameters and disabled status.<br/>
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The required and optional properties are fully described in the [[Serial TTY device tree configuration#DT_bindings_documentation|bindings files]].
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{{Warning|This device tree configuration related to the STM32 should be kept as is, without being modified by the customer.}}
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 +
===DT configuration (Board level)===
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 +
Part of the [[Device tree|device tree]] is used to describe the USART hardware used on a given board:
 +
 
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* Which USART instances are enabled (by setting status to "okay")
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* Which features are used (such as DMA transfer or direct transfer, transfer speed or parity)
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* Which pins are configured via [[Pinctrl device tree configuration|pinctrl]].
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* Which serial aliases are linked to UART instances. Please check the alias already used in other device tree files to avoid alias conflicts. The alias defines the index of the ttySTMx instance linked the UART.
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Note:
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* As the pin configuration can be different for each board, several DT configurations can be defined for each UART instance.
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* The pin configuration is described in board datasheet. Each new pin configuration described in boards datasheet needs to be defined in device tree.<br/>
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<br/>
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Four device tree configurations can be defined for each pin muxing configuration:
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* Default: for standard usage (mandatory)
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* "sleep": for Sleep mode, when the UART instance is not a wake up source (mandatory)
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* "idle": for Sleep mode, when the UART instance is a wake up source (optional)
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* "no_console_suspend": when the UART instance is used for the console, and no_console_suspend mode is activated (optional).
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===DT configuration examples===
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====Activation of a USART or UART instance====
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{{Info|Some UART pins are available on GPIO expansion and Arduino connectors (depending on the connectors available on the board).
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* [[STM32MP157C-EV1 - hardware description#MB1262-CN21|STM32MP157C-EV1 Evaluation board GPIO expansion connector]]
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* [[STM32MP157X-DKX - hardware description#MB1272-CN2|STM32MP157X-DKX Discovery kit GPIO expansion connector]]
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}}{{UpdateNeededForNewBoard|Point to the USART connectors}}
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To communicate with a UART instance, an RS232 card must be plugged on the UART pins. <br/>
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<br/>
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The example below shows how to configure and enable a UART instance at board level, based on STM32MP157C-EV1 board USART3 example.<br/>
 +
Note: For STM32 boards, the configuration is already defined in the device tree. Only the device activation is needed.<br/>
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<br/>
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To activate a UART instance, please follow steps below:
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* Define the instance pin configuration (ex: stm32mp157-pinctrl.dtsi <ref>{{CodeSource | Linux kernel | arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp157-pinctrl.dtsi | arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp157-pinctrl.dtsi}}, STM32MP157 pinctrl device tree file</ref>).
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usart3_pins_a: usart3-0 {
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pins1 {
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{{highlight|/* USART3 TX and RTS pins activation for default mode */}}
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pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('B', 10, AF7)>, /* USART3_TX */
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<STM32_PINMUX('G', 8, AF8)>; /* USART3_RTS */
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bias-disable;
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drive-push-pull;
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slew-rate = <0>;
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};
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pins2 {
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{{highlight|/* USART3 RX and CTS_NSS pins activation for default mode */}}
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pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('B', 12, AF8)>, /* USART3_RX */
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<STM32_PINMUX('I', 10, AF8)>; /* USART3_CTS_NSS */
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bias-disable;
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};
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};
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usart3_idle_pins_a: usart3-idle-0 {
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pins1 {
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{{highlight|/* USART3 TX, RTS, and CTS_NSS pins deactivation for sleep mode */}}
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pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('B', 10, ANALOG)>, /* USART3_TX */
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<STM32_PINMUX('G', 8, ANALOG)>, /* USART3_RTS */
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<STM32_PINMUX('I', 10, ANALOG)>; /* USART3_CTS_NSS */     
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};
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pins2 {
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{{highlight|/* USART3_RX pin still active for wake up */}}
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pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('B', 12, AF8)>; /* USART3_RX */
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bias-disable;
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};
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};
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usart3_sleep_pins_a: usart3-sleep-0 {
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pins {
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{{highlight|/* USART3_TX, RTS, CTS_NSS, and RX pins deactivation for sleep mode */}}
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pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('B', 10, ANALOG)>, /* USART3_TX */
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<STM32_PINMUX('G', 8, ANALOG)>, /* USART3_RTS */
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<STM32_PINMUX('I', 10, ANALOG)>, /* USART3_CTS_NSS */
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<STM32_PINMUX('B', 12, ANALOG)>; /* USART3_RX */
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};
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};
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* Define the serial alias for this instance at board level (ex: stm32mp157c-ev1.dts <ref name="stm32mp157c-ev1.dts">{{CodeSource | Linux kernel | arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp157c-ev1.dts | arch/arm/boot/dts/stm32mp157c-ev1.dts}}, STM32MP157c ev1 board device tree file</ref>).
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aliases {
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{{highlight|/* Serial1 alias (ie ttySTM1) assigned to usart3 */}}
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serial1 = &usart3;
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ethernet0 = &ethernet0;
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};
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* Configure and activate the instance at board level (ex: stm32mp157c-ev1.dts <ref name="stm32mp157c-ev1.dts"/>).
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&usart3 {
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pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep", "idle"; {{highlight|/* pin configurations definition */}}
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pinctrl-0 = <&usart3_pins_a>; {{highlight|/* default pin configuration selection */}}
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pinctrl-1 = <&usart3_sleep_pins_a>; {{highlight|/* sleep pin configuration selection */}}
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pinctrl-2 = <&usart3_idle_pins_a>; {{highlight|/* idle pin configuration selection */}}
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status = "okay"; {{highlight|/* '''device activation''' */}}
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};
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Note: The pin configuration selected has to be aligned with the pin configuration described in the board datasheet.
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==How to configure the DT using STM32CubeMX==
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The [[STM32CubeMX]] tool can be used to configure the STM32MPU device and get the corresponding [[Device_tree#STM32|platform configuration device tree]] files.<br />
 +
The STM32CubeMX may not support all the properties described in the above [[#DT bindings documentation|DT bindings documentation]] paragraph. If so, the tool inserts '''user sections''' in the generated device tree. These sections can then be edited to add some properties and they are preserved from one generation to another. Refer to [[STM32CubeMX]] user manual for further information.
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==References==
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<references />
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<noinclude>
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[[Category:Device tree configuration]]
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[[Category:Serial TTY|2]]
 +
{{PublicationRequestId | 8370 | 2018-08-06 | AnneJ}}
 +
{{ArticleBasedOnModel|Peripheral or framework device tree configuration model}}
 +
</noinclude>

2020年5月6日 (三) 22:11的版本

Article Purpose

This article explains how to configure the USART when it is assigned to the Linux® OS. In that case, it is controlled by the Serial and TTY frameworks.

The configuration is performed using the device tree mechanism that provides a hardware description of the USART peripheral, used by the stm32-usart Linux driver.

If the peripheral is assigned to another execution context, refer to How to assign an internal peripheral to a runtime context article for guidelines on peripheral assignment and configuration.

DT bindings documentation

The USART is a multifunction device.

Each function is represented by a separate binding document:

  • Generic UART bindings[1] used by UART framework.
  • STM32 USART driver bindings[2] used by stm32-usart driver. This bindings documentation explains how to write device tree files for STM32 USARTs.

DT configuration

This hardware description is a combination of the STM32 microprocessor device tree files (.dtsi extension) and board device tree files (.dts extension). See the Device tree for an explanation of the device tree file split.

STM32CubeMX can be used to generate the board device tree. Refer to How to configure the DT using STM32CubeMX for more details.

DT configuration (STM32 level)

All STM32 USART nodes (excepted USART1, secure instance under ETZPC control) are described in microprocessor device tree (ex: stm32mp157c.dtsi [3]) with default parameters and disabled status.
The required and optional properties are fully described in the bindings files.

Warning.png This device tree configuration related to the STM32 should be kept as is, without being modified by the customer.

DT configuration (Board level)

Part of the device tree is used to describe the USART hardware used on a given board:

  • Which USART instances are enabled (by setting status to "okay")
  • Which features are used (such as DMA transfer or direct transfer, transfer speed or parity)
  • Which pins are configured via pinctrl.
  • Which serial aliases are linked to UART instances. Please check the alias already used in other device tree files to avoid alias conflicts. The alias defines the index of the ttySTMx instance linked the UART.

Note:

  • As the pin configuration can be different for each board, several DT configurations can be defined for each UART instance.
  • The pin configuration is described in board datasheet. Each new pin configuration described in boards datasheet needs to be defined in device tree.


Four device tree configurations can be defined for each pin muxing configuration:

  • Default: for standard usage (mandatory)
  • "sleep": for Sleep mode, when the UART instance is not a wake up source (mandatory)
  • "idle": for Sleep mode, when the UART instance is a wake up source (optional)
  • "no_console_suspend": when the UART instance is used for the console, and no_console_suspend mode is activated (optional).

DT configuration examples

Activation of a USART or UART instance

Info.png Some UART pins are available on GPIO expansion and Arduino connectors (depending on the connectors available on the board).

To communicate with a UART instance, an RS232 card must be plugged on the UART pins.

The example below shows how to configure and enable a UART instance at board level, based on STM32MP157C-EV1 board USART3 example.
Note: For STM32 boards, the configuration is already defined in the device tree. Only the device activation is needed.

To activate a UART instance, please follow steps below:

  • Define the instance pin configuration (ex: stm32mp157-pinctrl.dtsi [4]).
usart3_pins_a: usart3-0 {
	pins1 {
		/* USART3 TX and RTS pins activation for default mode */
		pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('B', 10, AF7)>, /* USART3_TX */
			 <STM32_PINMUX('G', 8, AF8)>; /* USART3_RTS */
		bias-disable;
		drive-push-pull;
		slew-rate = <0>;
	};
	pins2 {
		/* USART3 RX and CTS_NSS pins activation for default mode */
		pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('B', 12, AF8)>, /* USART3_RX */
			 <STM32_PINMUX('I', 10, AF8)>; /* USART3_CTS_NSS */
		bias-disable;
	};
};

usart3_idle_pins_a: usart3-idle-0 {
	pins1 {
		/* USART3 TX, RTS, and CTS_NSS pins deactivation for sleep mode */
		pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('B', 10, ANALOG)>, /* USART3_TX */
			 <STM32_PINMUX('G', 8, ANALOG)>, /* USART3_RTS */
			 <STM32_PINMUX('I', 10, ANALOG)>; /* USART3_CTS_NSS */      
	};
	pins2 {
		/* USART3_RX pin still active for wake up */
		pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('B', 12, AF8)>; /* USART3_RX */
		bias-disable;
	};
};

usart3_sleep_pins_a: usart3-sleep-0 {
	pins {
		/* USART3_TX, RTS, CTS_NSS, and RX pins deactivation for sleep mode */
		pinmux = <STM32_PINMUX('B', 10, ANALOG)>, /* USART3_TX */
			 <STM32_PINMUX('G', 8, ANALOG)>, /* USART3_RTS */
			 <STM32_PINMUX('I', 10, ANALOG)>, /* USART3_CTS_NSS */
			 <STM32_PINMUX('B', 12, ANALOG)>; /* USART3_RX */
	};
};
  • Define the serial alias for this instance at board level (ex: stm32mp157c-ev1.dts [5]).
aliases {
	/* Serial1 alias (ie ttySTM1) assigned to usart3 */
	serial1 = &usart3;
	ethernet0 = &ethernet0;
};
  • Configure and activate the instance at board level (ex: stm32mp157c-ev1.dts [5]).
&usart3 {
	pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep", "idle";	/* pin configurations definition */
	pinctrl-0 = <&usart3_pins_a>;			/* default pin configuration selection */
	pinctrl-1 = <&usart3_sleep_pins_a>;		/* sleep pin configuration selection */
	pinctrl-2 = <&usart3_idle_pins_a>;		/* idle pin configuration selection */
	status = "okay";				/* device activation */
};

Note: The pin configuration selected has to be aligned with the pin configuration described in the board datasheet.

How to configure the DT using STM32CubeMX

The STM32CubeMX tool can be used to configure the STM32MPU device and get the corresponding platform configuration device tree files.
The STM32CubeMX may not support all the properties described in the above DT bindings documentation paragraph. If so, the tool inserts user sections in the generated device tree. These sections can then be edited to add some properties and they are preserved from one generation to another. Refer to STM32CubeMX user manual for further information.

References

<securetransclude src="ProtectedTemplate:PublicationRequestId" params="8370 | 2018-08-06 | AnneJ"></securetransclude> <securetransclude src="ProtectedTemplate:ArticleBasedOnModel" params="Peripheral or framework device tree configuration model"></securetransclude>