查看“STM32MP15 Flash mapping”的源代码

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== Supported Flash memory technologies ==
STM32MP15 boards support the following types of Flash memory:
* SD card on the SDMMC interface present on [[:Category:Getting started with STM32MP1 boards|EVAL and DISCO boards]]
* ''e''•MMC on the SDMMC interface present on [[:Category:Getting started with STM32MP1 boards|EVAL board]] only
* Serial NOR Flash memory on the Dual QSPI interface present on [[:Category:Getting started with STM32MP1 boards|EVAL board]] only
* NAND Flash memory on the FMC interface present on [[:Category:Getting started with STM32MP1 boards|EVAL board]] only.
The next section lists all partitions used on STM32MP15 boards (size, name, and content), and the following sections show how they are mapped on the different types of Flash memory.

== Flash partitions ==
The tables below list the partitions defined for STMP32MP15 boards.
=== Minimal ===
{| class="st-table"
|-
! Size !! Component !! Comment
|-
| Remaining area || userfs || The user file system contains user data and examples
|-
| 768 Mbytes || rootfs || Linux root file system contains all user space binaries (executable, libraries, and so on), and kernel modules 
|-
| 16 Mbytes || vendorfs || This partition is preferred to the rootfs for third-party proprietary binaries, and ensures that they are not contaminated by any open source licence, such as GPL v3
|- 
| 64 Mbytes || bootfs || The boot file system contains:
* (option) the init RAM file system, which can be copied to the external RAM and used by Linux before mounting a fatter rootfs
* Linux kernel device tree (can be in a Flattened Image Tree - FIT)
* Linux kernel U-Boot image (can be in a Flattened Image Tree - FIT)
* For all flashes except for NOR: the boot loader splash screen image, displayed by U-Boot
* U-Boot distro config file ''extlinux.conf'' (can be in a Flattened Image Tree – FIT)
|-
| 2 Mbytes || ssbl  || The second stage boot loader (SSBL) is U-Boot, with its device tree blob (dtb) appended at the end
|-
| 256 Kbytes to 512 Kbytes (*) || fsbl || The first stage boot loader is Arm Trusted Firmware (TF-A) or U-Boot Secondary Program Loader (SPL), with its device tree blob (dtb) appended at the end. At least two copies are embedded.<br>
Note: due to ROM code RAM needs, the FSBL payload is limited to 247 Kbytes.
|}
(*): The partition size depends on the Flash technology, to be aligned to the block erase size of the Flash memory present on the board: NOR (256 Kbytes) / NAND (512 Kbytes).
{{Info | Some boards can be equipped with multiple Flash devices, like the [[:Category:Getting started with STM32MP1 boards|EVAL board]], where all of the Flash devices can be programmed with [[STM32CubeProgrammer]]. However, caution must be taken for the serial NOR/NAND and SLC NAND because a '''static bootable MTD partitioning''' is defined in U-Boot {{CodeSource | U-Boot | include/configs/stm32mp1.h }} (look for ''STM32MP_MTDPARTS''), with the consequence that up to 6 Mbytes of space is lost at the beginning of each such device, '''even those which are not bootable'''.}}
=== Optional ===
{| class="st-table"
|-
! Size !! Component !! Comment
|-
| 256 Kbytes (*) || env || This partition is used to store the U-Boot environment while booting from NOR Flash. For all other Flash devices, the U-Boot environment is stored either in an EXT4 bootfs partition (''e''•MMC, SD card), or UBI volumes (NAND).
{{ReviewsComments|GeraldB: size to be increased to 512 Kbytes for release 2.0.0, due to redundancy}}
|-
| 256 Kbytes to 512 Kbytes (*) || teeh || OP-TEE header
|- 
| 256 Kbytes to 512 Kbytes (*) || teed || OP-TEE pageable code and data
|-
| 256 Kbytes to 512 Kbytes (*) || teex || OP-TEE pager
|}
(*): The partition size depends on the Flash technology, as it should be aligned to the block erase size of the Flash device present on the board (256 Kbytes for NOR and 512 Kbytes for NAND).

== SD card memory mapping ==
The SD card has to be partitioned with GPT format in order to be recognized by the STM32MP15. The easiest way to achieve this is to use [[STM32CubeProgrammer]].<br />
The ROM code looks for the GPT entries whose name begins with "fsbl": fsbl1 and fsbl2 for example.<br/>
Note: The SD card can be unplugged from the board and inserted into a Linux host computer for direct partitioning with Linux utilities and access to the '''bootfs''', '''rootfs''' and '''userfs''' partitions. The file system is Linux EXT4.
[[Image:SD card mapping.png|center|link=]]

== ''e''•MMC memory mapping ==
The ''e''•MMC embeds four physical partitions:
* Boot area partition 1: one copy of the FSBL
* Boot area partition 2: one copy of the FSBL
* User data area: formatted with GPT partitioning and used to store all remaining partitions
* Replay Protected Memory Block (RPMB): not shown in the figure below, since not involved in the current boot chain.
[[STM32CubeProgrammer]] has to be used to prepare the ''e''•MMC with the layout shown below, and to populate each partition.
{{Info | The boot area partition used by the ''e''•MMC boot sequence is selected via the EXT_CSD[179] register in the ''e''•MMC. The [[STM32CubeProgrammer]] execution is concluded with the selection of the last written partition from the flashlayout file, typically partition 2. The other copy is never used as long as the user does not explicitly change the ''e''•MMC EXT_CSD[179] register to select it.}}
[[File:eMMC mapping.png|center|link=]]

== NOR memory mapping ==
As NOR Flash memory is expensive, its size is usually limited to the minimum needed to store only the bootloaders. The system files (bootfs, rootfs and userfs) are usually stored in another Flash  memory, such as the SD card in OpenSTLinux distribution.<br /> [[STM32CubeProgrammer]] must be used to prepare the NOR Flash and the SD card with the layout shown below, and to populate each partition.<br /><br>
It is possible to use an ''e''•MMC card or NAND  as second-level Flash memory, rather than an SD card. This requires the following aspects to be changed:
* The Flash memory layout, using [[STM32CubeProgrammer]] in order to write the rootfs and userfs to the targeted Flash memory
* The Linux kernel parameters, using [[U-Boot overview|U-Boot]], in order to indicate where the rootfs and userfs have to be mounted.
[[File:NOR mapping.png|center|link=]]
{{ReviewsComments|-- [[User:Gerald Baeza|Gerald Baeza]] ([[User talk:Gerald Baeza|talk]]) 13:47, 6 February 2020 (CET)<br />While in Dual Quad, we cumulate the 256 KB (physical) so the offset becomes 512 KB (logical)}}

== NAND memory mapping ==
[[STM32CubeProgrammer]] has to be used to prepare the NAND Flash memory with the layout shown below, and to populate each partition.<br />
[[File:NAND mapping.png|center|link=]]
<noinclude>
[[Category:STM32MP15 platform configuration|1]]
{{PublicationRequestId | 14615 | 2020-01-15 |}}
</noinclude>